The mining industry is currently facing a very challenging situation during the financial crisis and cycle. This paper, based on the international mining tax, gives a detailed introduction to the rules and principles of international mining tax, classifies the mining tax into three categories (resources lease, normal taxpayer and property using), expands the relationship between resources lease theory and mining tax system, and between resource price and mining tax, and explains the front tax and back tax. During the mining cycle, it is of significance to study the international mining taxation for China’s mining tax system. This paper presents some points to review China’s mining tax, aiming to make a favorable mining policy.